Fístula cutánea odontogénica: un reto diagnóstico / Odontogenic cutaneous fistula: a diagnostic challenge

La fistula cutánea odontogénica (FCO) es el resultado de una canalización anormal originada a partir de una infección crónica periapical. Representa todo un reto diagnóstico ya que frecuentemente son lesiones etiquetadas erróneamente como dermatológicas. El diagnóstico diferencial es amplio, incluyendo el granuloma piogénico, tuberculosis cutánea o malformaciones congénitas entre otros. Exponemos el caso de un varón de 46 años diagnosticado de FCO que presentó una rápida mejoría tras exodoncia de las piezas dentales afectas y fistulectomía. Consideramos importante el conocimiento de esta patología para evitar retrasos innecesarios en el diagnóstico y tratamiento adecuado (AU)

Odontogenic cutaneous fistula (OCF) is the result of an abnormal canalization originating from chronic periapical infection. It represents a diagnostic challenge, as it is frequently misdiagnosed as dermatological lesion. There is a broad differential diagnosis, including pyogenic granuloma, cutaneous tuberculosis or congenital malformations, among others. We report the case of a 46-year-old man diagnosed with OCF who presented a rapid improvement after extraction of the affected dental pieces and fistulectomy. We consider knowledge of this pathology to be important in order to avoid unnecessary delays in diagnosis and proper treatment (AU)

[Odontogenic cutaneous fistula: a diagnostic challenge]. / Fístula cutánea odontogénica: un reto diagnóstico.

Odontogenic cutaneous fistula (OCF) is the result of an abnormal canalization originating from chronic periapical infection. It represents a diagnostic challenge, as it is frequently misdiagnosed as dermatological lesion. There is a broad differential diagnosis, including pyogenic granuloma, cutaneous tuberculosis or congenital malformations, among others. We report the case of a 46-year-old man diagnosed with OCF who presented a rapid improvement after extraction of the affected dental pieces and fistulectomy. We consider knowledge of this pathology to be important in order to avoid unnecessary delays in diagnosis and proper treatment. Key words. Cutaneous fistula. DIAGNOSIS: Orthopantomography.

Aumento de microorganismos no habituales en la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad / Increasing incidence of community-acquired pneumonia caused by atypical microorganisms

Introducción. Conocer los microorganismos más frecuentes en nuestro medio nos puede ayudar a tomar decisiones terapéuticas empíricas. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la etiología microbiológica de las neumonías adquiridas en la comunidad. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio observacional descriptivo prospectivo. Se incluyeron sujetos≥14 años con diagnóstico clínico-radiográfico de neumonía adquirida en la comunidad durante 383 días consecutivos. Se recogieron variables sociodemográficas, antecedentes personales, escalas pronósticas de gravedad, evolución y agentes patógenos. Para obtener un diagnóstico etiológico se realizaron hemocultivos, detección de antígenos urinarios de Streptococcus pneumoniae y Legionella pneumophila, cultivo de esputo, virus influenza y detección de Streptococcus pyogenes. Se describieron las variables categóricas como valor absoluto y porcentaje y las variables continuas por sus medias y desviaciones estándar. Resultados. Fueron incluidos en el estudio 287 pacientes (42% mujeres; edad media 66±22 años). Falleció el 10,45%, ingresando el 70%. Se consiguió un diagnóstico etiológico en 43 pacientes (14,98%), determinándose 16 microorganismos en 59 muestras positivas. El patógeno más frecuentemente aislado fue Streptococcus pneumoniae (24/59, 41%), seguido de bacilos entéricos gramnegativos, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens y Enterobacter cloacae, aislados en un 20% de las muestras (12/59), virus influenza (5/59, 9%), Staphylococcus aureus, todos resistentes a meticilina (3/59, 5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2/59, 3%), Moraxella catarrhalis (2/59, 3%), Legionella pneumophila (2/59, 3%) y Haemophilus influenzae (2/59, 3%). Las infecciones polimicrobianas supusieron el 14% (8/59). Conclusión. Encontramos un alto porcentaje de microorganismos no habituales en neumonías adquiridas en la comunidad (AU)

Introduction. Knowing the most common microorganisms in our environment can help us to make proper empirical treatment decisions. The aim is to identify those microorganisms causing community-acquired pneumonia. Patients and methods. An observational, descriptive and prospective study was conducted, including patients over 14 years with a clinical and radiographic diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia during a 383 consecutive day period. A record was made of sociodemographic variables, personal history, prognostic severity scales, progress, and pathogenic agents. The aetiological diagnosis was made using blood cultures, detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophila urinary antigens, sputum culture, influenza virus and Streptococcus pyogenes detection. Categorical variables are presented as absolute values and percentages, and continuous variables as their means and standard deviations. Results. Of the 287 patients included in the study (42% women, mean age 66±22 years), 10.45% died and 70% required hospital admission. An aetiological diagnosis was achieved in 43 patients (14.98%), with 16 microorganisms found in 59 positive samples. The most frequently isolated pathogen was Streptococcus pneumonia (24/59, 41%), followed by gram-negative enteric bacilli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens and Enterobacter cloacae isolated in 20% of the samples (12/59), influenza virus (5/59, 9%), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (3/59, 5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2/59, 3%), Moraxella catarrhalis (2/59, 3%), Legionella pneumophila (2/59, 3%), and Haemophilus influenza (2/59, 3%). Polymicrobial infections accounted for 14% (8/59). Conclusion. A high percentage of atypical microorganisms causing community-acquired pneumonia were found (AU)

Mordedura por víbora de Seoane. Descripción de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Vipera seoanei bite. Report of a case and review of the literature

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[Increasing incidence of community-acquired pneumonia caused by atypical microorganisms]. / Aumento de microorganismos no habituales en la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad.

INTRODUCTION: Knowing the most common microorganisms in our environment can help us to make proper empirical treatment decisions. The aim is to identify those microorganisms causing community-acquired pneumonia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: An observational, descriptive and prospective study was conducted, including patients over 14 years with a clinical and radiographic diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia during a 383 consecutive day period. A record was made of sociodemographic variables, personal history, prognostic severity scales, progress, and pathogenic agents. The aetiological diagnosis was made using blood cultures, detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Legionella pneumophila urinary antigens, sputum culture, influenza virus and Streptococcus pyogenes detection. Categorical variables are presented as absolute values and percentages, and continuous variables as their means and standard deviations. RESULTS: Of the 287 patients included in the study (42% women, mean age 66±22 years), 10.45% died and 70% required hospital admission. An aetiological diagnosis was achieved in 43 patients (14.98%), with 16 microorganisms found in 59 positive samples. The most frequently isolated pathogen was Streptococcus pneumonia (24/59, 41%), followed by gram-negative enteric bacilli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens and Enterobacter cloacae isolated in 20% of the samples (12/59), influenza virus (5/59, 9%), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (3/59, 5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2/59, 3%), Moraxella catarrhalis (2/59, 3%), Legionella pneumophila (2/59, 3%), and Haemophilus influenza (2/59, 3%). Polymicrobial infections accounted for 14% (8/59). CONCLUSION: A high percentage of atypical microorganisms causing community-acquired pneumonia were found.

Frontal fibrosing alopecia: a pathology on the rise / Alopecia frontal fibrosante: una enfermedad en auge.

Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a scarring alopecia whose incidence is increasing significantly in our country. It is characterized by loss of frontotemporal hairline that mostly affects postmenopausal women, with a negative impact on quality of life. It is associated with early menopause in 14% of cases and hypothyroidism in 15%. With regard to treatment, 5α-reductase inhibitors are the drugs that have shown improvement of the disease in a larger number of cases. We report a new case of FFA in a woman of 77 years successfully treated with finasteride at doses of 2.5mg daily.

Alopecia frontal fibrosante: una enfermedad en auge / Frontal fibrosing alopecia: a pathology on the rise

La alopecia frontal fibrosante (AFF) es un tipo de alopecia cicatricial cuya incidencia está aumentando de forma significativa en nuestro país. Se caracteriza por un retroceso en la línea de implantación del pelo a nivel frontotemporal que afecta mayoritariamente a mujeres postmenopaúsicas, con un impacto negativo en su calidad de vida. Se asocia a menopausia precoz en un 14% de los casos y a hipotiroidismo en un 15%. Con respecto al tratamiento, son los inhibidores de la 5α-reductasa, los fármacos que han demostrado mejoría de la enfermedad en un mayor número de casos. Presentamos un caso de AFF en una mujer de 77 años tratada con éxito con finasteride a dosis de 2,5mg/día (AU)

Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a scarring alopecia whose incidence is increasing significantly in our country. It is characterized by loss of frontotemporal hairline that mostly affects postmenopausal women, with a negative impact on quality of life. It is associated with early menopause in 14% of cases and hypothyroidism in 15%. With regard to treatment, 5α-reductase inhibitors are the drugs that have shown improvement of the disease in a larger number of cases. We report a new case of FFA in a woman of 77 years successfully treated with finasteride at doses of 2.5mg daily (AU)

Traumatismo ocular con cuerpo extraño intraocular / Eye injury with an intraocular foreign body

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